Search results for "Gastric Acid"
showing 10 items of 48 documents
Perioperative nonspecific histamine release : a new classification by aetiological mechanisms and evaluation of their clinical relevance
1993
As a consequence of the performance of a randomized controlled clinical trial on perioperative histamine release and cardiovascular and respiratory disturbances, several types of increases in plasma histamine had to be distinguished instead of only two which existed at the beginning of the study: drug-induced allergic and pseudoallergic reactions. First of all, the new classification by aetiology (clinical epidemiology) was derived from a meta-analysis (secondary analysis) of the most recent literature. According to that histamine release in the perioperative period has several, different causes and is involved in several, different disease manifestations. A clear distinction (classificatio…
Effects of endotoxin on neurally-mediated gastric acid secretion in the rat.
1998
Abstract The effects of a peripheral administration of E. coli endotoxin on neurally-mediated gastric acid secretion and the role of endogenous opioids or PAF receptors in endotoxin effects have been evaluated in the continuously perfused stomach of the anaesthetized rat. Gastric acid secretion stimulated by distension (20 cm H2O) was reduced dose-dependently by single intravenous bolus injection of endotoxin (0.1–10 μg kg−1). Doses of 5 μg kg−1 induced a peak reduction of distension-stimulated acid output and significantly reduced the secretory response induced by an intravenous bolus of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (150 mg kg−1). This dose of endotoxin did not significantly modify mean systemic arte…
Synthesis of nitric oxide in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus mediates the inhibition of gastric acid secretion by central bombesin
1999
1. Central administration of bombesin inhibits gastric acid production independently of the centrally or peripherally-acting stimuli employed. This study evaluates the role and location of the cerebral nitric oxide (NO) implicated in the inhibitory effect of central bombesin on in vivo rat gastric acid secretion, as induced by distension with 15 cm H2O, insulin (0.75 u.i. kg-1 i.p.) TRH (1.2 microg kg-1, i.c.) or pentagastrin (100 microg kg-1, i.p.). 2. The acid-inhibitory effect of i.c. bombesin (40 ng kg-1) was prevented by prior administration of L-NAME (80 microg kg-1) in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMN). This dose of L-NAME when administered into the nucleus of the tractus s…
Endoluminal therapy of GERD with a new endoscopic suturing device
2005
Background Endoscopic, endoluminal therapy might be an alternative treatment option in light of the costs of proton pump inhibitor therapy and possible complications after laparoscopic surgery. The aim of the current study was to assess the efficacy and the safety of a new endoluminal suture device (ESD) in pig models and humans. Secondly, 3 and 6 months' follow-ups were performed, and possible complications and their management were evaluated. Methods In the preclinical phase of the study, suturing procedures were practiced and evaluated in 8 pig models (Erlanger Endo Trainer). In the clinical phase, 20 patients with mild esophagitis, small or no hiatal hernia, and signs of abnormal acid e…
Nitrergic modulation of gastrointestinal function during early endotoxemia.
2006
After bacterial infection, the host reacts by signalling to the central nervous system where a cascade of physiologic, neuroendocrine and behavioural processes is orchestrated, collectively termed the acute phase response. Endotoxemia following Gram-negative bacterial infection induces a wide array of effects, including fever, loss of appetite and changes in gastrointestinal function that attempt to eliminate the challenge and restore homeostasis. Systemic administration of low doses of endotoxin (5-40 microg/kg) to rats is associated with changes in gastrointestinal motor function, inhibition of gastric acid secretion and increase in the gastric mucosal resistance to damage. These changes …
Incident use of proton pump inhibitors in France, 2015
2018
IF 2.314; International audience
Progression of Gastric Acid Production in Preterm Neonates: Utilization of In-vitro Method
2018
Background: There have been limited studies done regarding ability to produce gastric acid in preterm infants. Most studies have used in vivo method of assessing gastric pH. Objectives: The objectives of the study was to assess the feasibility of using an in vitro method of measuring gastric pH in babies ≤ 28 weeks gestational age (GA) and determine whether changes in gastric pH differ with gestational age, mode of delivery, and use of antenatal steroids. Design/Methods: Prospective study that enrolled extremely low birth weight (ELBW) babies. Gastric aspirate was collected before feeding. In vitro testing of gastric aspirates for pH were done on days of life 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 by using…
Exposure to Gastric Acid Inhibitors Increases the Risk of Infection in Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Infants but Concomitant Administration of Lactof…
2018
Objective: To investigate whether exposure to inhibitors of gastric acidity, such as H2 blockers or proton pump inhibitors, can independently increase the risk of infections in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Study design: This is a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data from a multicenter, randomized controlled trial of bovine lactoferrin (BLF) supplementation (with or without the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) vs placebo in prevention of late-onset sepsis (LOS) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Inhibitors of gastric acidity were used at the recommended dosages/schedules based on the clinical judgmen…
Liposome Formation from Bile Salt–Lipid Micelles in the Digestion and Drug Delivery Model FaSSIFmod Estimated by Combined Time-Resolved Neutron and D…
2011
The flow of bile secretion into the human digestive system was simulated by the dilution of a bile salt-lipid micellar solution. The structural development upon the dilution of the fed state bile model FeSSIF(mod6.5) to the fasted state bile model FaSSIF(mod) was investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) in crossed beam experiments to observe small and large structures in a size range of 1 nm to 50 μm in parallel. Because of the physiologically low lipid and surfactant concentrations of 2.625 mM egg-phosphatidylcholine and 10.5 mM taurocholate the sensitivity of the neutron-structural investigations was improved by partial solvent deuteration w…
Involvement of neuronal processes and nitric oxide in the inhibition by endotoxin of pentagastrin-stimulated sastric acid secretion
1994
Administration of E. coli endotoxin (1 mg kg-1, i.v.) abolished the acid response induced by the i.v. infusion of pentagastrin (8 micrograms kg-1 h-1) in the continuously perfused stomach of the anaesthetized rat. Local serosal application of tetrodotoxin (36 ng per rat) completely restored acid responses to pentagastrin in endotoxin-treated rats. However, pretreatment with atropine (0.5 mg kg-1, s.c.), capsaicin (20, 30, and 50 mg kg-1, s.c. 2 weeks before the study) or guanethidine (16 mg kg-1, s.c. 3 and 16h before) did not influence the inhibitory effects of endotoxin. Continuous i.v. infusion with NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg kg-1 h-1) restored the secretory responses …